Activity 3.3.6 HVAC

Conclusion

1.    What is important to consider when designing an HVAC system?

It is important to consider heat loss or gain, site orientation, infiltration of air, and the number of people, amount of lighting, and types of equipment used inside the building.
2.    How does the HVAC system affect the design of the building structure?
You would need to designate rooms for the HVAC system. Also, you would want to make the building shape easy for the HVAC to be effeicent.

3.    How does an engineer know the requirements for mechanical design of an HVAC system?

An engineer would know the requirements for mechanical design of an HVAC by reading the codes that correspond with that city or state.

4.    Why is it important for architects to be aware of how mechanical systems are designed or constructed?

He need to know how mechanical systems work so that he can design his building with that in consideration. This way he can leave space to put in the units, know what walls will keep sound from carrying through the house, and so on and so forth.5.    What information must an architect provide to a mechanical engineer to ensure proper design and placement of the mechanical systems?
He would need to provide the mechanical engineer with the building plans or layout so the mechancial engineer can figure out where to place the system and other factors.

Activity 3.3.4 Energy Codes

1.    Follow the link to What’s Happening in Your State. Based on the map and key, what is the status of the energy codes in Indiana (where the Keystone Library building is located)? What is the energy code status in neighboring states? What is the energy code status in your state? 

In my state and in Indiana (which are the same) the energy code status is ASHRAE 90.1-2007. In the neighboring state of illinois the energy code is 2012 IECC. In another neighboring state of Ohio the energy code is 2009 IECC. In the southern neighbor of Kentucky the energy code is 2009 IECC. In the northern neighboring state of michigan the energy code is
ASHRAE 90.1-2007.
2.    What is needed in order to comply with the energy code (using the prescriptive approach presented in the PowerPoint) with regard to the unheated slab on grade for the Keystone Project? If the project were located in Montana, what would be the requirement for perimeter slab insulation? 
Neither have extra requirements about unheated slab grade or insulation.

3. Calculate the percentage of exterior wall composed of fenestration to verify that the area of fenestration is less than or equal to 40%.
Total Area = 11657.24 ft squared. Window/Door Area = 2574.42 ft squared. The percent of fenestration = 22.08%

4. Assume that the client would like to provide shading for the fenestrations on the south face of the building in order to protect the library books and resources from damage from the sun. Research methods to provide window shading and paste in a preliminary design that would provide shading such that the resulting projection factor does not restrict the use of windows based on the Solar Heat Gain Coefficient.
You could add an over hang to provide shade or you could use shades.
5. Calculate the heat loss through the new second floor wall in the Keystone Library Renovation. Assume an interior temperature of 68 degrees F and an exterior temperature of 32 degrees F. 

Area= 986.73 ft squared, Delta T= 36 degrees, U value= .5988. Formula is Q=AU(Delta T). The total heat loss through the second floor wall is 21270.74 btu.
Conclusion

6.    What is the purpose of energy codes?

The purpose of energy codes are to make sure that buildings are energy efficent.

7.    How does adding a vestibule improve energy efficiency?

It helps keep the building warm or cool by not allowing a direct flow of the outside weather into the building.

8.     What recommendations would you make to improve the energy efficiency of the existing structure during the renovation process for the Keystone Library?

You could add solar panels to try and make the library more self sustaining. You could also add overhanging eaves and shades to keep the rooms cool.

Activity 3.1.2 Land Use and Development Regulations

1.    Identify the Building Code that applies in Noblesville by reviewing Section 154.04 Adoption of Rules by Reference in the Noblesville Code of Ordinances.

Indiana Building Code

2.    Visit the Indiana Association of Building Officials website at http://www.iabo.com/ and follow the link to Current Codes. On which model code is the current Indiana Building Code based?

2006 International Building Code

3.    Using the International Building Code, find the Use and Occupancy classification of the proposed new Keystone Building.

A-3 Assembly uses intended for worship, recreation or amusement and other assembly uses not classified elsewhere in Group A including, but not limited to:

4.    Using the International Building Code, describe each of the four types of construction. Based on the existing structure, under which of these types of construction could the Keystone Building fall? See section 503.1.

Types I and II. Types I and II construction are those types of construction in which the building elements listed in Table 601 are of noncombustible materials, except as permitted in Section 603 and elsewhere in this code.

Type III. Type III construction is that type of construction in which the exterior walls are of noncombustible materials and the interior building elements are of any material permitted by this code. Fire-retardant-treated wood framing complying with Section 2303.2 shall be permitted within exterior wall assemblies of a 2-hour rating or less.

Type IV. Type IV construction (Heavy Timber, HT) is that type of construction in which the exterior walls are of noncombustible materials and the interior building elements are of solid or laminated wood without concealed spaces. The details of Type IV construction shall comply with the provisions of this section. Fire-retardant-treated wood framing complying with Section 2303.2 shall be permitted within exterior wall assemblies with a 2-hour rating or less. Minimum solid sawn nominal dimensions are required for structures built using Type IV construction (HT). For glued-laminated members the equivalent net finished width and depths corresponding to the minimum nominal width and depths of solid sawn lumber are required as specified in Table 602.4.

Type V. Type V construction is that type of construction in which the structural elements, exterior walls and interior walls are of any materials permitted by this code.

The construction may fall in Type IV 5.    Compare the allowable Building Heights and Areas (IBC 2009 Table 503) for the Keystone Library using different construction types. What is the least restrictive construction type that can be used for the Keystone Library? Is a fire-protective layer required over the structural elements? Note: The letter A indicates that the structural members are protected by a fire-rated coating or cover (sheetrock, spray on, or another approved method). The letter B indicates that the structural members are not protected by an additional fire-rated coating or cover.

Type 5 A. No additional fire protective layer required.

6.    What materials do you propose to use for the new interior walls and floor for the Keystone Building? Justify your answer.

Any material is good enough becasue the outside is stong enough, you could use cynderblocks or wood depending on how you feel.

7.    Use the IBC to determine the Occupant Load (IBC 2009 Section 1004) for the Keystone Building assuming a second floor is added per the Keystone Library Renovation Preliminary Building plans (see Revit file). For now, conservatively assume that the second floor is entirely stacks and that the first floor is entirely reading rooms. In addition, because there is currently no plan to include an outside stairway to the roof, assume that the occupants of the green roof must exit through the 2^nd floor. The building inspector has determined, based on the planned use of the green roof as additional reading area, that the occupant load for the green roof may be based on the requirements for reading rooms.

Reading Room- 178, Stacking Floor- 47

8.    The occupant load is used to determine the minimum egress width for the building. Use the IBC to determine the required total egress width (IBC 2009 Section 1005) for the Keystone Building including the second floor.

47 inches  

9.    What is the minimum number of exits required for the Occupant Load (IBC 2009 Section 1021)?

2 Exits per floor

10. Read IBC 2009 Section 1021.2. Is it permissible to have only a single exit from the ground floor? From the second floor? Justify your answers.

Only one exit shall be required from Group R-3 occupancy buildings or from stories of other buildings as indicated in Table 1021.2. Occupancies shall be permitted to have a single exit in buildings otherwise required to have more than one exit if the areas served by the single exit do not exceed the limitations of Table 1021.2. Mixed occupancies shall be permitted to be served by single exits provided each individual occupancy complies with the applicable requirements of Table 1021.2 for that occupancy. Where applicable, cumulative occupant loads from adjacent occupancies shall be considered in accordance with the provisions of Section 1004.1. Basements with a single exit shall not be located more than one story below grade plane. The answers to the following questions should be researched in the Noblesville Code of Ordinances and the Noblesville Zoning Map.

11. In which zoning designation does the Keystone building property lie? (Refer to the Keystone Library Site Location Map to help locate the site on the zoning map.)

 Planned Buisness Zoning

12. Describe the purpose of this zoning designation. Document your answer with a section number from the code.

 The purpose of the PB District is to encourage well-planned business uses. 159.107

13. What is the minimum lot size within this designation? Does the Keystone Property meet this requirement? Document your answer with a section number of the code.

 20000 square feet. 159.107. Yes it meets the requirement

14. What is the maximum building height according to the Noblesville ordinance?

 3 stories or 35 feet

15. Read Section 159.120 of the Noblesville Code of Ordinances. Record any information that is important to the redevelopment of the Keystone building.

   The regulations within each district shall be minimum regulations and shall apply uniformly, except as hereinafter provided. Allowable Use of Land and Building.Property Access.  Every building hereafter erected or moved shall be located on a lot with frontage and access on a street, and provide for safe and convenient access, fire protection, and required off-street parking, except as otherwise provided in.  

16. Is the Use proposed in Keystone Building Project permitted on this property?  Document your answer.

 The use proposed in Keystone Building Project is permitted. 159.120 section A.

17. When developing a property, when is landscaping and screening required?

(1)     Interior parking lot islands;
          (2)     Perimeter parking lot buffering;
          (3)     Buffering for non-residential uses abutting residential uses;
          (4)     Surrounding outdoor storage and waste disposal areas;
          (5)     Other situations as required in this chapter or as determined by the Director of Planning and Development, Technical Advisory Committee, Plan Commission, or Board of Zoning Appeals, as applicable.

2.3 Essential Qustions

1.     How do you achieve a balance between cost-saving measures, important features, and environmental responsibility when designing a residential structure?

By knowing the needs of your client, you can create a design that has the important features your client neeeds. If you know your budget, you can use the types of materials that fit your budget and by using energy star rated applieances you can be enviromentally safe.

2.     What are the advantages and disadvantages of using 3D architectural software rather than creating hand-produced plans?

The advantages of using 3D software is that it is faster and more accurate than a hand drawn plan. They can also be printed off and changed easily. A disadvantage would be if its a rough draft, a hand sketch would be quicker and still get the purpose across.

3.     Why are organizations such as LEED important?

Organizations such as LEED are important cause they help keep our buildings and projects more enviromentally friendly. They also make engineers projects more efficient.

4.     When planning a project, how does the availability of public utilities impact the design?

The availability of public utilities can impact the design cause you will want to build your house close to these locations to be more efficent. If there is public water and waste lines, you will build you house close to these so you can run your water and waste through those compared to haveing to drill a well or have a septic tank.

5.     What options are available for the management of wastewater from a building?

You can use public waste lines or you can can use a septic tank.

6.     What are the important considerations when design a plumbing system?

When planning the plumbing system you will need to make sure your water heater is close to all of the appliances that the water should be running to. Also, where the water enters the house and where the waste exits should be a certain distance apart to keep accidents from happening.

7.     Why should a designer know about the different types of lighting and their applications?

A designer should know about the differnt types of lighting and their applications because certain uses of lights can be more eco friendly. For example, sky lights and light that comes in through windows can heat and light up the house and you dont have to pay for it because its light from the sun.

8.     What are the important considerations when designing an electrical system?

A few important considerations when designing an electical system are where to place the outlets and the amount of lights needed to light up a room. You are going to want your outlets to be near appliances that need power. Also, you dont want a room to have twenty lights when it takes two to light the room appropriatly.

9.     What information is important when documenting the design of a building?

Having accurate dimmensioning, good use of annotating, and a key to identify marks. These help the client or whoever is looking at the design to get a clear picture of what you are going to make.

 

Habitat House

Description:
We are building a habitat for humanity home for the Torson family.  This family consist of one person, Colyn Torson, a twenty one year old Computer Softwear Engineer. This house is supposed to be a two bedroom, two bathroom, home that is less than nine hundered square feet. Requirements of Colyn Torson included few/no windows in areas with prevailing winds, heater close to plumbing fixtures, windows facing south on the house, and his kitchen and dining together. These were accomplished when we designed the house. Most of our windows evade prevailing winds making the house able to insulate heat better. We combined the kitchen with the dining to make the room feel more spacy. And our heater is located inbetween most of the plumbing fixtures making it easy to transport water. Some of the design features that we incorperated in the house include Energy Star rated appliances. We also created a crawl space for extra room and it made everything easier to get water to. Even though it was tough to make the house green, meet the requirements of Mr. Torson, and meet the requirements of habitat for humanity, we created a design that pleased all.


Bubble Diagrams:

Sketches:

SitePlan:

Renderings:

Dimesioned Floor Plans:

Elavations:

Wall Sections with Labels:

Window and Door Schedule:

Room Schedule With Total Square Footing:

Electrical Plan:

Plumbing Plan With Key:

Calculations:
Water Supply Calc.

 I found, based on the distance from the water source and pipes, that the expected water pressure in the house will be 44.51, which is within the residential limits.


Storm Water Runoff
In the predevelopement, we found the Cf (runoff coefficent factor) to be 1.25 (100 year storm), C (runoff coefficent) to be .1, i(intensity) to be 3.05, and A(area) to be .5 acres. By using the formula Cf x C x i x A, we found the Q to be .2 cfs. The post developement was a little differnt. In the post developement, the i stayed the same at 3.05, and the acres stayed the same at .5. Also the Cf stayed the same at 1.25. The difference was the C. I had to take into account the roof of the house and the asphalt of the drive way. I found the C of each area and averaged them out.  After calculations, I found the C to be .1727. When I used the formula Cf x C x i x A, I found the Q to be .34 cfs.  In the end, we had a difference of .14 cfs.  To account for this change, it is best to use a ditch.

2.3.2 Green Building

1.    Rainfall falls on most parcels of property throughout the world. Describe one method that could be used to collect this natural resource.

One thing you can do is use a rain barrel. This allows you to capture water and use it for other purposes around your house.

Website: http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110405151001AAnZIMp

2.  Describe an innovative construction method or technique that benefits the environment.

An innovation that you could add would be the use of solar panels. This benifits the enviroment by saving money on electricity bills.

Website: http://enertia.com/

3.   During the construction cycle of the building, materials and components are delivered to the site. List a strategy that you will use to recycle the waste produced during the construction phase. 

By taking the extra materials and recycling, you are saving the enviroment becuase your not being wastefull, plus you are saving yourself money by not having to buy more materials if you can just reuse some.

Website: http//http://www.mass.gov/dep/recycle/reduce/cdrguide.pdf

4.  Energy use is high in commercial buildings. What might a designer do to reduce energy consumption in a building?

You could use a differnt form of lights (maybe LFC) that would reduce your electrical consumption.

Website: http://eartheasy.com/live_energyeff_lighting.htm

5.   Building sites offer natural resources that can be utilized for the life of the building. Describe a method to use a site’s natural resources in the construction of the structure.        

 If you build your building in an area with abudant sources, you can use those to build your buiding which would help reduce the cost.

Website: http://www.greenstoneslate.com/

Conclusion

1.    Describe an original green and sustainable idea that you have. Choose one that is not currently in use as far as you know.
You could create a system that take the waste from when people go to the bathroom, and turn it into a fuel source for your house.

2.    Describe an improvement that you believe could be made to the building where you live. Describe why it is an improvement.
We live in a woods, so if we could use the leaves that fall off the trees as a fuel source for our house we could save money on fuel.

BuildingMaterials(1)